Reconciling two approaches to attribution of the 2010 Russian heat Research Paper - 1

Accommodating two ways to deal with attribution of the 2010 Russian warmth wave - Research Paper Example The a dangerous atmospheric devation pestilence prompted an expansion in the anthropogenic ozone depleting substance fixations in the environment. Their convincing result profoundly repudiated those of (Dole et al.) they expressed that they utilized data assembled from a huge gathering entertainment explore including an environmental and general dissemination imitation to display that there is no considerable test between the two papers. At the end of the day, a similar occasion can happen because of interior age in specifications of extent and outer drives in arrangements of event likelihood. The differentiation in the finishes of the papers shows the hugeness of precise and compact determinations of the inquiries posed in tending to the issue with regards to affirmation of individual climate examples to the outer drivers of environmental change. There were theories that there are conflicting clarifications in responding to the topic of whether the warmth wave happened normally or the degree of the anthropogenic gas discharges coordinated the reason. Nonetheless, given the measurable information cumulated where 55,000 individuals lost their lives, a drop in the yearly yield creation by 25%, and a general misfortune in the economy of an approximated 15billion dollar incited the examination of a response to the general public. The warmth wave started toward the beginning of July and arrived at its record temperatures late July and the temperatures began diminishing in August. August nineteenth was the last break in the high warmth. The steadiness presented by the odd high temperatures stretching out longer than a month was likely because of a sticking situation normal in these zones. In 2010, the blocking taking off was massively tenacious and extreme joined by temperatures 50C over the ordinary mean. Taking into mind the finan cial and environmental components impacts of such occasions they are of intrigue whether, or to what degree,

Start early! Four things applicants should do now COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Start early! Four things applicants should do now COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The 2020 application is open, and we encourage all applicants to get an early start! While the deadlines for regular consideration are not until January 5, 2020 (for fellowship consideration) and February 5, 2020 (no fellowship consideration), applicants who apply by November 1, 2019 will receive early action consideration. Spring applicants have until October 15, 2019. Whichever deadline you’re shooting for, starting now will make the application process much smoother. Here are the first four things you should do: Create a checklist As you research your graduate school options, it’s important to consolidate all of the application requirements and deadlines into a checklist to keep you on track. I used a simple Excel spreadsheet to track my progress on each of SIPA’s application requirements and assigned myself a deadline to complete each of them. It can also be helpful to share your goals with a friend or family member who can help keep you accountable. Schedule the GRE/GMAT Schedule your exam date now! I scheduled my GRE as soon as I started studying and it really helped motivate me to stay on track with my study plan (especially with the prospect of the $205 test fee going to waste). I also recommend taking the exam as early as possible so that you have time to retake it if you are not satisfied with your score the first time. SIPA will consider your highest scores. Contact potential recommenders Begin contacting potential recommenders now to give them plenty of time to write a strong letter of recommendation. SIPA requires two letters for the MIA/MPA application, but applicants can submit up to three letters. It is a good idea to have 3-4 recommenders in mind just in case something falls through with one. Start drafting your personal statement The personal statement is a vital part of your application because it tells the Admissions Committee how your past experiences prepare you to succeed at SIPA and how you plan to have an impact after graduation. Starting this early allows you to carefully research the academic and extracurricular opportunities available at SIPA so that you can articulate specifically why you are a good fit for the program. You’ll also definitely want time to have a friend or mentor review your personal statement. They can help you spot grammatical errors, and they also may have a great suggestion for something you should include about yourself. Taking these four steps now will give you a great head start on the application. We wish you the best of luck as you complete your application!

Manifest Destiny Attitude Westward Expansion - 898 Words

Manifest Destiny: Attitude towards Westward Expansion Today America is one of the major superpowers in the world and it is all a product of centuries of wars and expansion. It all started in 1492, with Christopher Columbus discovering America to the Great American Revolution with Civil War and finally the election of the first black president. Expansion has always been a major part of American development and manifest destiny is what makes America what it is today despite the negative aspects of it. Manifest Destiny is one of the peculiar features of America in the 19th century since â€Å"all nations are defined by their shared myths, but only United States had Manifest Destiny† (Amy S. Greenberg 4). I am of two minds in describing it and partially concur with this elucidation of manifest destiny that â€Å"In the mid-nineteenth century, Americans had come to believe that it was their destiny to explore, settle and exploit the entire continent and to unify it into one nation,† but I also harmonize with the expression by G eorge Caitlin that manifest destiny became â€Å"an unrequited account of sin and injustice† and U.S. citizens became â€Å"cruel dispossessors.† There were various factors which affected this expansion in the 1940s. It started with the purchase of Louisiana territory from French by Jefferson in 1803 for $15million which was a bargain for America and nearly doubled the land. One of the major aspects of this purchase was also the acquisition of the New Orleans, which was oneShow MoreRelatedManifest Destiny Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesManifest Destiny affect on Modern United States During the mid 1800’s America was at a peak of nationalism, which involved their religious beliefs. Manifest destiny describes the attitude of a white man in America during the 19th century, involving their desire for evangelization, white supremacy, and westward expansion. To a majority of the Americans, manifest destiny was a proud accomplishment they would be faced with. Manifest destiny had a negative impact on the Native Americans, however, itRead MoreManifest Destiny, By John L. Sullivan1491 Words   |  6 PagesIt is hard to read anything about the history of the United States without coming across the term â€Å"Manifest Destiny†. Manifest Destiny is a term, which was first coined by John L. Sullivan in the summer 1845 issue of the Democratic Review. â€Å"Hence it was carried into the debate on the Oregon question in the House of Representatives and proved to be such a convenient summing up of the self-confident nationalist and expansionist sentiment of the t ime that it passed into the permanent national vocabularyRead MoreWestward Expansion Of The United States1477 Words   |  6 Pagesnation consisting of only thirteen states. Over time the leaders of this county recognized that in order to prosper the nation would need to expand beyond the current set borders. Westward Expansion was the only solution, to adopt such a large endeavor meant that the population had to have a reason to migrate west. Expansion had appeal to the Southern land owners for the fact that the Missouri Compromise did not affect territories that were not part of the Louisiana Purchase, while those who did notRead MoreManifest Destiny And Westward Expansion Essay1447 Words   |  6 Pages1) OUTLINE: I. Topic sentence. Manifest destiny and westward expansion was a tremendous key component to the growth of the nation economically because of the impact it had on native americans, women empowerment, and expanding the population of the country. II. Significance of topic. Americans looked towards the western lands as an opportunity for large amounts of free land, for growth of industry, and pursue the manifest destiny. III. List of evidence related to topic. The railwaysRead MoreEssay On Manifest Destiny1544 Words   |  7 PagesThe Manifest Destiny was the attitude prevalent during the 19th century period of American expansion that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast. Manifest Destiny was mainly accomplished by the Monroe Doctrine, the annexation of Texas, and the Mexican-American War, but we were not a true continental power yet. After 1850, the Civil War, westward expansion, and the rise of big business made the United States a true continental power. By the time James PolkRead MoreManifest Destiny Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pageswas the destiny of America to control all of the North American continent. This belief was called Manifest Destiny. The term originated from a New York newspaper editorial of December 27, 1845, which declared that the nations manifest destiny was to over spread and to possess the whole continent, to develop liberty and self-government to all. In the eyes of the Americans, it meant that it was Gods will that Americans expand their territory from coast to coast. This idea of Manifest DestinyRead MoreCauses Of The Missouri Compromise Of 1820814 Words   |  4 PagesThe Missouri compromise of 1820 was enforced to stop tensions between Pro-slavery and Anti-slavery factions within the U.S. congress and across the county. The history of slavery and manifest destiny became one of the main reasons why The Missouri Compromise came to be. Meanwhile, the senate was debating whether they should abolish slavery or expand it, as well as how slavery befits the country economically. Many economic, political, and social events occurred in order for The Missouri CompromiseRead MoreManifest Destiny588 Words   |  2 PagesManifest Destiny Define and discuss the phrase Manifest Destiny. Explain how this belief came to divide the nation. Manifest destiny was based on a belief presented by John OSullivan. He was a newspaper editor and publisher. In 1845, he said that the aggressive westward expansion of the nation was vital to the prosperity of the country. He believed that it was every Americans right to bring the ideas of freedom, democracy and Christianity to the Indians as well as Mexicans. In his view, theseRead More Search for national identity Essay example1071 Words   |  5 Pages The Search For National Identity Nationalism is the attitude members of a nation have when they care about their national identity. Nationalism can also be the love of a country and the willingness to make sacrifices for it. Just as a person’s identity is affected by other people and the events in their life, a nation is affected the same way. There have been many people and events that have affected the national identity of America. There were two Awakenings that spread different aspects of AmericanRead MoreMexican American War Essay709 Words   |  3 PagesThe Mexican-American War was driven by the idea of Manifest Destiny (Which is the belief that America had a God-given right to expand the countrys borders from sea to sea) This belief would eventually cause a great deal of suffering for many Mexicans, Native Americans and United States citizens. Following the earlier Texas War of Independence from Mexico, tensions between the two largest independent nations on the North American continent grew as Texas eventually became a U.S. state. Disputes

Effects Of Odysseus And The Odyssey - 1321 Words

Jon Salo and Max Sharp and Joe Moczynski Ms. Ksobiech and Mrs. Bowden English 9 9 February 2015 The effects of having Odysseus as your leader In the real world, examples of great leaders would be war generals and presidents. These people show great leadership by proving that they can take control of situations, these men (or women) also need to show great strength, intelligence and respect for others. Odysseus is alike most great leaders, in that he shows many of these traits and more. He is a very effective leader because of the epic hero traits, and many important Greek values he shows throughout the Odyssey. Odysseus is an effective leader because he shows strength, intelligence and respect for the gods, which helps him and his crew get out of tough situations. In the Odyssey, Odysseus is an effective leader is because he shows that he has incredible strength. (Pattern B) One reason why Odysseus is an effective hero is he demonstrates amazing strength to help him and his men get out of certain situations. This is shown in the Cyclops section when he stabs the cyclops in the eye with a giant spear. â€Å"Now by the gods, I drove my big hand spike deep in the embers, charring it again, and cheered my men along with battle talk to keep their courage up.† (Lines: 366-371) This quote demonstrates that Odysseus uses his strength to overpower an incredibly strong opponent. When he uses his strength it helps him and his men get out of the cave so no more of his men got eaten byShow MoreRelatedThe Iliad and the Odyssey1510 Words   |  7 Pagesand the Odyssey are two classic stories told by Homer. Within these two stories the roles of the gods are very important to the story line and how they affect the characters throughout. In the Iliad, m ore gods are involved with the characters whereas in the Odyssey there are only two major gods that affect two major characters. The roles of the gods in the Iliad are through two different stances of immortal versus immortal and mortal versus immortal. The roles of the gods in the Odyssey are throughRead MoreOdyssey Cause and Effect801 Words   |  4 PagesWriter- I am a college student and a high school senior who has studied the odyssey many times. This example stood out to me when I thought of cause and effect topics. Audience- Anyone who has a general knowledge of the story of the The Odyssey and will understand the essay topic and relate, or is interested in cause and effect analysis. Topic- I will be writing about how Odysseus’s actions in The Odyssey caused many unfortunate events to unfold because of a decision he made. Read More The Gods in Homers The Iliad and The Odyssey Essay1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe Gods in Homers The Iliad and The Odyssey The stories told in the Iliad and Odyssey are based on stories handed down over several generations, for they preserve (as we have seen) memories of an already quiet far distant past. The two pomes show clear connection in their language and style, in the manner in which their incidents presented, and in the combination of agreement with level, which distinguish their creation. The work was written by one author but gave two diverse views on theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Odysseus And The Odyssey951 Words   |  4 Pageshave the power to effect all other aspects of human lives. Humans can, in some ways, reject the attention of the gods. In The Odyssey, Odysseus deals with all three in order to return home. The cause of Odysseus’ decade long journey home from Troy cannot be narrowed down to one entity; instead, it is caused by a complex combination of the gods’ meddling, the fate’s predictions, and humans’ free will. The Fates, gods, and humans in The Odyssey each have a certain role in Odysseus’ problems. In ancientRead MoreWhat Is The Importance Of Storytelling In The Odyssey1111 Words   |  5 PagesJane Horovitz Jennie Woodard Honors 111 9/25/17 Storytelling in the Odyssey The Odyssey is a story made up of stories. Because there is very little action that happens in the present, the presence of storytelling within the Odyssey is something that characterizes it and makes it unique. The spreading of stories serve to form legends and myths that can have the effect of shaping a culture. In addition, since stories were such an important aspect of entertainment in Greek culture, stories also shapeRead MoreTheme Of Violence In The Odyssey1025 Words   |  5 Pages The Odyssey by Homer is a literary classic that presents many themes about the natures of both man and god. Although the characters of the book display characteristics relatable to those of the people today, one of the most prevalent differences between the two eras and their people is the intense violence that takes place throughout the entirety of the epic. This violence serves several functions in the work as a whole. The violence that is enacted upon the characters of The Odyssey serve as aRea d MoreEssay about Free Will and Fate in the Odyssey1574 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Odyssey Free will and fate are both prominent in the Odyssey. In the Odyssey, free will is depicted whenever characters make decisions. In example, Odysseus blinds the Cyclops, Polyphemus. Fate, in the Odyssey, is the consequences that are dealt out due to certain actions. In the case of Odysseus and Polyphemus, the consequence is that when Odysseus is on a ship heading home to reach Ithaca, Poseidon, being the father of Polyphemus, sends a storm at Odysseus being angry that Odysseus blindedRead More Essay on Names in The Odyssey and The Bible1634 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Names in The Odyssey and The Bible      Ã‚   Two of the most widely studied ancient works are Homer’s Odyssey and the book of Genesis from the Bible.   Each of these texts provides a unique viewpoint of an early civilization.   In both of the texts, one can learn not only stories about great heroes, but also about the way that these peoples lived and what they believed.   Many interesting parallels can be drawn between the two developing societies shown in the Odyssey and the book of GenesisRead MoreThe Odyssey Thesis Paper1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe Odyssey Thesis Paper Logan Austin Pajuelo Mr. Gruber English 1 Honors, Period 3 12/18/2012 Hunger, whether a literal hunger or a hunger for power has always been a downfall for humankind. In the Odyssey hunger destroys the lives of many men. Even though the Odyssey is just an epic it reflects in many ways how hunger can ruin and sometimes even destroy someone’s life. In history, hunger has shown itself in many different and unique ways. For example Hitler’s hunger for power destroyedRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey1533 Words   |  7 Pagesbeginning, Homer shows his intention for themes of The Odyssey to be applicable in the modern age and essentially â€Å"sing for our time† (I, 12). Homer’s epic provides the ideal reflection upon the very definition of heroism because it details the strenuous journey of Odysseus, a crafty hero whose key priority is to return home to his family. As one of the most prominent themes, The Odyssey carries forth the idea of heroism through the portrayal of Odysseus, and establishes a connection with the r eal world

Compare Single Life and Married Life Free Essays

Essay #1 Values or Traditions that Identify Colombia Colombia is located in South America and borders with five different countries such as Venezuela, Panama, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Colombia has been claim as â€Å"the tropical paradise†. Most Colombians are friendly, religious, and hardworking. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Single Life and Married Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now First, in Colombia most people are friendly, happy, helpful, and caring. Although, people have been affected by the Drug War, Colombians don’t lose their positivisms, and willing to help and care for others. For instance, it is very common to hear people in the streets talking loud, laughing, and most of them have known between each other for years. Neighbors care for each other and help each other with food, or moral support. Colombians love to dance and eat great food in parties that most of the times are not special events; they are created in the spirit of happiness. Second, most Colombians were raised with Catholic believes in the past. Now in Colombia there are a variety of religions, however Colombia’s stronger believed is â€Å"El Nino Jesus†. Another important tradition for all Colombians is â€Å"The Christmas Season†. For example, From December sixteen to the twenty four families and friends get together to pray and remember the path of Jesus birthday by singing, eating, and having treats for the little kids. This is the most amazing time for almost everyone and most especial for young kids since they spend quality time with families and friends. Therefore, families choose a different home to do â€Å"La novena† because that particular house is offering dinner and treats for the guests. Therefore this tradition had passed from generation to generation. Lastly, most Colombians are hard working people, well known around the world for this quality. Most Colombians are well educated and professionals, and some of them have the opportunity to succeed in Colombia, while others travel to succeed in other countries. For example, people often travel to the United States to improve their lives and even though they are professionals they end up working in different fields none related to their profession, while others advance their education by working extra hard to accomplish their responsibilities and excel. For example, Sofia Vergara is a well know Colombian actress who came to the United States to better her carrier and she has excel incredibly. In conclusion, Colombians are conspicuous by their values and traditions and because they are recognized by other countries as people that are most often happy, responsible and have great faith. How to cite Compare Single Life and Married Life, Essays

Lord Of The Rings (1773 words) Essay Example For Students

Lord Of The Rings (1773 words) Essay Lord Of The RingsLord of the Rings: Picked ApartImagine yourself in a pre-industrial world full of mystery and magic. Imagine a world full of monsters, demons, and danger, as well as a world full of friends, fairies, good wizards, and adventure. In doing so you have just taken your first step onto a vast world created by author and scholar John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. Tolkien became fascinated by language at an early age during his schooling, in particularly, the languages of Northern Europe, both ancient and modern. This affinity for language did not only lead to his profession, but also his private hobby, the invention of languages. His broad knowledge eventually led to the development of his opinions about Myth and the importance of stories. All these various perspectives: language, the heroic tradition, and Myth, as well as deeply-held beliefs in Catholic Christianity work together in all of his works. The main elements of Tolkien’s works are Good versus Evil, characters of Christian and anti-Christian origin, and the power of imagination. In Tolkien world, evil is the antithesis of creativity, and is dependent on destruction and ruin for its basis. Conversely, goodness is associated with the beauty of creation as well as the preservation of anything that is created. The symbolic nature of these two ideologies is represented in the Elven Rings, which symbolize goodness, and the One Ring, which is wholly evil. A main theme of The Hobbit, then, is the struggle within our own free will between good will and evil. Early in the (Lord of the Rings) narrative, Frodo recalls that his uncle Bilbo, especially during his later years, was fond of declaring that†¦ there was only one Road; that it was like a great river: its springs were at every doorstep, and every path was it tributary. (Wood, 208) Bilbo, the main character of The Hobbit, often displayed his goodness throughout Tolkien’s novel. One example of this goodness is when he decides to let the evil and corrupt Gollum live, out of pity for him, in the dark caves under the mountain. Bilbo could have easily slain the horrid creature mainly because of the ring, which he was wearing at that time, gave him the power of invisibility. Instead, he risked his life to let the Gollum live by quickly jumping past the evil creature, thereby escaping death of either character. Gandalf, in a later narrative, lectures Frodo by praising Bilbo’s act of pity upon Gollum. Gandalf’s words were, Pity? It was pity that stayed his hand. Pity, and Mercy; not to strike without need. And he has been well rewarded Frodo. For Gollum, later in the novel, saved Frodo from becoming possessed by the Ring of power. Many that live deserves death. And some that die deserve life. Can you give it to them? Then do not be too eager to deal out death in judgement†¦ (Wood, 208) Another form of goodness that is displayed throughout The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings is Bilbo and Frodo’s actions of self-sacrifice. In The Hobbit there are two instances in which villains caught the dwarves, Bilbo’s fellow adventurers. Instead of fleeing their enemies, Bilbo risked his life to save the dwarves from the clutches of evil. One instance of this is when a clan of unusually large spiders captured Bilbo’s companions and planned to eat them. Bilbo then devised a plan to distract the spiders away from their victims and then silently backtracked to his companions. He then cut the dwarves from the sticky spider webs with which they were tied and, together, they fought their way to safety. Also, Frodo, in The Lord of the Rings was challenged with the destruction of the all-evil and corrupting One Ring of power. In doing so, Frodo sacrificed his life. We should also remember that Frodo’s self-sacrifice is not only for the defeat of evil; it is also for the good of society, for the whole community of created beings. The Comparison of the Representations of the Native Americans Essay Gandalf, the Christ-like wizard who lays down his life for his friends, knows that he is an unworthy bearer of the Ring – not because he has evil designs that he wants secretly to accomplish, but rather because his desire to do good is so great. (Wood 208) Gandalf is an important pawn and advantage to the hobbit and dwarves in their adventure. He often guides, gives advice, and overall helps the adventurers along in their great journey. Believers of Christianity also believe that Christ is with them, guiding and showing the way to salvation, throughout their day. Although Gandalf, in Tolkien’s novels, never cured a blind man or leper with a touch of his hand, he compares to Jesus in the miracles of his magic and spell casting. Also, the ring is a symbol of power, evil power. It is the part of nature that continually strives to destroy a person’s ability to exercise free will. In essence, the power of the Ring is the exact opposite of freedom. The purpose of the Ring is to destroy, through deceit and corruption, anything good in the world. Another way to show the evil nature of the ring is to say that it represents the omnipresence of evil. Its very existence, because it contains the evil will of its creator, Sauron, has the power to tempt, corrupt, and, in doing so, destroy. Another way in which the evil nature of the Ring can be depicted is in the way it has seemingly powerful animate abilities as an inanimate object. In order to understand this, one must realize that if the Ring is evil in itself, then it must also have the ability to work evil. It cannot necessarily create evil ideas on its own, but instead it can take advantage of any opportunity that presents itself to the Ring. Specifically, whenever Frodo actually uses the Ring, the Ring has a chance to work its corruption on him. In this way, the Ring is advantageous, and the stronger the presence of evil, the easier it is for the Ring to work on the bearer. For example, in The Lord of the Rings, the presence of the Witch-king is a tremendous evil; the Ring takes advantage of this, and convinces Frodo to use it in order to escape. Although Frodo is not permanently corrupted at this point, the Ring is slowly eating away at him, and its power over him grows each time he uses it. Book Reports

Alexander Bain and the First Fax

Alexander Bain and the First Fax Faxing is by definition a method of encoding data, transmitting it over a ​telephone line or radio broadcast, and receiving a hard copy of the text, line drawings, or photographs at a remote location. The technology for fax machines was invented a long time. However, fax machines did not become popular with consumers until the 1980s. Alexander Bain The first fax machine was invented by Scottish mechanic and inventor Alexander Bain. In 1843, Alexander Bain received a British patent for â€Å"improvements in producing and regulating electric currents and improvements in timepieces and in electric printing and signal telegraphs†, in laymens terms a fax machine. Several years earlier, Samuel Morse had invented the first successful telegraph machine and the fax machine closely evolved from the technology of the telegraph. The earlier telegraph machine sent Morse code (dots and dashes) over telegraph wires that was decoded into a text message at a remote location. More About Alexander Bain Bain was a  Scottish  philosopher and  educationalist  in the  British school of empiricism  and a prominent and innovative figure in the fields of  psychology,  linguistics,  logic,  moral philosophy  and  education reform. He founded  Mind, the first ever journal of psychology and analytical philosophy, and was the leading figure in  establishing  and applying the  scientific method  to  psychology. Bain was the inaugural  Regius Chair  in Logic and  Professor of Logic  at the  University of Aberdeen, where he also held Professorships in  Moral Philosophy  and  English Literature  and was twice elected  Lord Rector. How Did Alexander Bains Machine Work? Alexander Bains fax machine transmitter scanned a flat metal surface using a stylus mounted on a pendulum. The stylus picked up images from the metal surface. An amateur clockmaker, Alexander Bain combined parts from clock mechanisms together with telegraph machines to invent his fax machine. Fax Machine History Many inventors after Alexander Bain, worked hard on inventing and improving fax machine type devices. Here is a brief timeline: In 1850, a London inventor named F. C. Blakewell received a patent what he called a copying telegraph.In 1860, a fax machine called the Pantelegraph sent the first fax between Paris and Lyon. The Pantelegraph was invented ​by Giovanni Caselli.In 1895, Ernest Hummel a watchmaker from St. Paul, Minnesota invented his competing device called the Telediagraph.In 1902, Dr. Arthur Korn invented an improved and practical fax, the photoelectric system.In 1914, Edouard Belin established the concept of the remote fax for photo and news reporting.In 1924, the telephotography machine (a type of fax machine) was used to send political convention photos long distance for newspaper publication. It was developed by the American Telephone Telegraph Company (ATT) worked to improve telephone fax technology.By 1926, RCA invented the Radiophoto that faxed by using radio broadcasting technology.In 1947, Alexander Muirhead invented a successful fax machine.On March 4, 1955, the first radio fax tran smission was sent across the continent.